Details

Leeds Corn Exchange A41_00232

CORN EXCHANGE, Leeds. An interior detail of the domed roof of the Corn Exchange in Duncan Street showing the clock. The iron-framed dome rises to a height of 75 feet above the floor. It was erected between 1861 and 1863 at a cost of £15, 000 and was designed by Cuthbert Brodrick. Photographed by G. B. Wood in 1941.

© Historic England

Chiswick House, Red Velvet Room ceiling J970259

CHISWICK HOUSE, London. Interior. View of the ceiling in the Red Velvet Room.
The ceiling is inset with painted panels attributed to William Kent and has usually been interpreted as an allegory of the Arts. The panels around the edge, for example, incorporate musical instruments, portrait roundels of gods and goddesses (Jupiter, Venus, Saturn, Mars, Diana and Apollo) and their appropriate Zodiac signs. In the central panel the messenger god Mercury hovers above a stone arch, below which is a group of figures with further emblems of the visual arts: Architecture is represented by a bare-chested woman with a set square and a cherub with a plan of a Roman temple, Sculpture by a fallen bust of Inigo Jones, and Painting by a woman unveiling a self-portrait of Kent.
The radical alternative interpretation of this symbolism is that it alludes to the ritual of the Royal Arch masonic lodge. Red is the Royal Arch colour, so the red velvet on the walls is symbolic, as is the red drape which is being removed to reveal Kent's portrait in the ceiling. The traditional implements of the architect and sculptor, depicted in the ceiling, are likewise masonic emblems, while the combination of an arch below a rainbow which occurs in the ceiling painting was apparently a common subject of early Royal Arch lodge banners. The suggestion, therefore, is that this room could have been designed by Burlington and Kent - both of whom were certainly freemasons - to function as a masonic meeting place.

© Jeremy Young

St Pancras Hotel AA061729

ST PANCRAS HOTEL, Euston Road, London. Exterior detail showing the curve of the south front of the Midland Grand Hotel at St Pancras station. Date range: 1960-1972. John Gay.

© Historic England